How French works
Beginner Unit 31:

The imperfect

Key points

  • You form the imperfect by taking the nous form of the present tense and adding: -ais, -ais, -ait, -ions, -iez, -aient.
  • You use the imperfect when describing what was happening in the past: il pleuvait - it was raining.
  • Or when describing what someone used to do: J'allais... - I used to go...

The imperfect is formed by taking the nous form of the present tense of a verb and adding the following endings:

Table 31: the imperfect
avoir to have
je -ais aimais
tu -ais aimais
il / elle -ait aimait
nous -ions aimions
vous -iez aimiez
ils / elles -aient aimaient

Like the perfect , the imperfect is a past tense. You use the imperfect in French when you want to describe what was happening in the past:

grammar diagram

Here are some examples:

Dehors il pleuvait

Outside it was raining

Nous regardions un film

We were watching a film

You also use the imperfect to describe what someone used to do:

Il jouait au badminton

He used to play badminton

Nous allions souvent au théatre

We often used to go to the theatre

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How French Works was written and coded by Chris Dawson.